2.3 Reference Examples

There are three basic types of APA references: Periodical, Book, and Online document. All the other references are variations of these. Below are samples of the general forms including examples. Mouse over the Example objects below to see the actual examples.

Periodical:

Author, A. B., & Author, B. (2002). Title of the article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxx-xxx. Example

Smith, J. D. (2002). Depression in young adults: A case study. Journal of Psychology in Rural and Urban Settings, 2(12), 23-57.

• Periodicals are anything published regularly such as journals, newspapers, magazines, or newsletters.

Book:

Author, A. G., & Author, Peete, R. J. (2002). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Example

Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

• Books include all works published separately such as books, manuals, brochures, and reports.

Online document:

Author, B. (2002). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from http://www... Example

Microsoft. (n.d.). The making of Office XP. Retrieved October 30, 2000, from http://www.microsoft.com/XP/make.htm.

• Online documents include works such as stand-alone webpages, online journals, and newsgroups.